Justice Theories Introduction
The concept of justice has been studied for centuries, evolving through various theories that attempt to define fairness and moral rightness in society.
Plato's Form of Good
Plato envisioned a society governed by philosopher-kings who understood the Form of Good, ensuring just decisions aligned with this ultimate truth.
Aristotle's Distributive Justice
Aristotle introduced distributive justice, emphasizing proportional equality where benefits and burdens are distributed according to merit and need.
Rawls' Veil of Ignorance
John Rawls proposed a thought experiment, the 'veil of ignorance,' advocating for principles of justice determined without knowledge of one's status.
Nozick's Entitlement Theory
Robert Nozick challenged redistributive justice, asserting that a just distribution arises from fair acquisition, transfer, and rectification of injustices.
Sen's Capabilities Approach
Amartya Sen shifted focus to what individuals can 'do' and 'be,' advocating a justice theory based on enhancing capabilities and freedoms.
Feminist Critiques of Justice
Feminist theorists critique traditional justice theories for neglecting gender inequalities and advocate for an ethic of care in societal structures.
Who envisioned philosopher-kings ruling?
Aristotle and his meritocracy
Plato and his Form of Good
Nozick with fair acquisition
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