Understanding the Burakumin and Yakuza: A Study of Marginalization and Crime in Japan

Burakumin, meaning 'village people', refers to a Japanese social minority group. They were outcasted historically due to their association with death-related occupations, considered impure by Buddhist and Shinto beliefs, leading to discrimination and segregation.

The Yakuza are members of transnational organized crime syndicates in Japan. Known for their strict codes of conduct and hierarchical nature, their activities include gambling, extortion, and various illicit enterprises, marked by ritualistic practices such as yubitsume, or finger cutting.

Despite legal reforms, Burakumin still face social discrimination. Their ancestry can affect job prospects and marriage, perpetuated by family registries (koseki) and discriminatory practices. Many modern Burakumin advocate for their rights through activism and public discourse.

Yakuza influence has waned due to stringent laws like the Anti-Boryokudan Act. These laws make it difficult for Yakuza to operate, leading to a decline in membership and public presence, although they still maintain some influence in various sectors.

Historically, many Burakumin turned to Yakuza organizations for inclusion and employment due to societal exclusion. This link perpetuated stereotypes, although not all Burakumin were or are involved with the Yakuza, and many work towards breaking this stigma.

Both Burakumin and Yakuza have been portrayed in media, often inaccurately. While Yakuza films glorify the gangster lifestyle, Burakumin are seldom represented, which contributes to public ignorance and the continuation of prejudices against them.

Efforts to integrate Burakumin and curb Yakuza power continue. Education, legal reforms, and societal change are crucial. The government and NGOs work to dismantle discriminatory practices and provide support to those affected by these historical social structures.