Understanding Cortical Mastoidectomy

Cortical mastoidectomy is a surgical procedure aimed at treating middle ear cholesteatoma or infections. It involves the removal of mastoid air cells, preserving the bony ear canal's integrity.

It's typically indicated for chronic otitis media, cholesteatoma, mastoiditis, and complications of ear infections. The surgery prevents further infection and protects intracranial structures and the inner ear.

Pre-operative imaging, typically a CT scan, assesses the extent of disease. Audiometric evaluations are crucial for understanding the patient's hearing function before proceeding with the mastoidectomy.

The surgery is performed under general anesthesia. A post-auricular incision provides access to the mastoid bone. Drilling is done to remove disease and create an open cavity for inspection.

Possible risks include facial nerve damage, hearing loss, dizziness, tinnitus, and cerebrospinal fluid leak. Meticulous surgical technique is employed to minimize these risks.

Patients may experience some degree of pain and dizziness post-surgery. Antibiotics and pain management are typically prescribed. Follow-up includes wound care and monitoring for hearing preservation.

Technological advancements have led to more precise techniques such as endoscopic mastoidectomy. This minimally invasive approach offers better visualization and may reduce recovery time.