Understanding Breast Carcinoma

Breast carcinoma, commonly known as breast cancer, arises from breast tissue. It's crucial to distinguish between non-invasive and invasive types, which affect treatment and prognosis.

Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in women worldwide. Surprisingly, about 1% of breast cancer cases occur in men, highlighting the importance of awareness across genders.

Risk factors include gender, aging, genetic mutations (BRCA1/2), family history, reproductive history, and lifestyle factors. Dense breast tissue is a lesser-known risk factor, complicating detection.

3D mammography, or tomosynthesis, increases the detection of small breast cancers. Artificial intelligence is being integrated to improve early diagnosis and reduce false positives.

Treatment now often includes targeted therapies, such as Herceptin for HER2-positive cancers, which specifically attack cancer cells, minimizing damage to healthy ones.

Triple-negative breast cancer lacks three common receptors. It's more aggressive and difficult to treat. Surprisingly, it's more likely to affect younger individuals and those with a BRCA1 mutation.

Early detection and advanced treatments have improved the 5-year survival rate for localized breast cancer to 99%. This positive trend showcases the progress in oncology.