Understanding the Three Branches of Government

The U.S. government is divided into three branches: Legislative, Executive, and Judicial. This separation ensures a balance of power, preventing any one branch from becoming too powerful. Each branch has distinct responsibilities and powers defined by the Constitution.

Congress, comprising the House of Representatives and the Senate, makes up the Legislative Branch. It creates laws, approves budgets, and has the power to declare war. A little-known fact: There are six non-voting delegates in the House from U.S. territories.

Led by the President, the Executive Branch enforces laws. It includes the Vice President and the Cabinet. Fun fact: The President can issue executive orders, which are directives that carry the force of law without needing Congressional approval.

The Judicial Branch interprets the laws and their constitutionality. It consists of the Supreme Court and other federal courts. Surprising fact: The Supreme Court receives about 7,000-8,000 petitions annually but hears only about 80 cases.

Each branch checks the others to maintain balance. For example, the President can veto legislation, Congress can override vetoes, and the Supreme Court can declare laws unconstitutional. This system ensures no single branch dominates the government.

In 1872, Victoria Woodhull ran for President, making her the first woman to campaign for the office, decades before women gained the right to vote in 1920.