Defining Research Methodology
Research methodology is the systematic, theoretical analysis of methods applied to a field of study. It comprises the theoretical analysis of the body of methods and principles associated with a branch of knowledge.
Qualitative vs Quantitative
Qualitative research focuses on subjective data and often involves interviews. Quantitative research seeks objective measurements and the statistical, mathematical, or computational analysis of data.
Mixed Methods Approach
A mixed methods approach integrates both qualitative and quantitative data. It provides a comprehensive understanding, addressing the 'why' behind the 'what' of statistical outcomes.
Historical Research Methodology
Historical methodology involves studying past events to understand the present. This method includes primary sources like documents and artifacts, as well as secondary sources.
Experimental Research Design
Experimental designs provide strong evidence of cause and effect by manipulating variables. They're often used in scientific studies but can be costly and ethically complicated.
Sampling Techniques
Sampling is critical in research. Techniques like stratified sampling ensure diversity, whereas random sampling eliminates bias, improving the study's validity and credibility.
Research Ethics
Ethical considerations in research protect the integrity of the study and subjects. Issues such as informed consent, confidentiality, and avoiding plagiarism are paramount.