Understanding CO2 Emissions and Their Impact on Climate

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a greenhouse gas that traps heat in the atmosphere. Human activities, like burning fossil fuels, have increased atmospheric CO2 levels by over 40% since the pre-industrial era.

CO2 molecules absorb infrared radiation, causing vibrational motions that release heat, warming the Earth's surface and lower atmosphere. This process is central to the greenhouse effect.

Ice core data reveals that pre-industrial atmospheric CO2 levels were about 280 parts per million (ppm). In 2021, levels surpassed 419 ppm, the highest in over 800,000 years.

The current rate of warming due to CO2 emissions is unprecedented. Over the past century, global temperatures have increased by approximately 1.2 degrees Celsius, with significant environmental consequences.

Oceans absorb about 30% of emitted CO2, leading to ocean acidification. This has detrimental effects on marine life, particularly shell-forming organisms that struggle to maintain their calcium carbonate structures.

Increased CO2 levels intensify the water cycle, leading to more extreme weather events. This includes severe storms, floods, droughts, and heatwaves, with profound implications for ecosystems and human societies.

Addressing CO2 emissions requires global cooperation. Strategies include reducing fossil fuel use, enhancing energy efficiency, and developing renewable energy sources to mitigate climate change impacts.