Heart's Four Chambers
The heart has two atria and two ventricles. The right atrium and ventricle handle deoxygenated blood, while the left side deals with oxygenated blood. Surprisingly, the left ventricle's muscle is three times thicker than the right's because it pumps blood to the entire body.
Unique Heart Valves
The heart contains four key valves: mitral, tricuspid, aortic, and pulmonary. The mitral valve is unique as it has two flaps instead of three, ensuring unidirectional blood flow. Interestingly, heart valves open and close about 100,000 times daily.
Cardiac Conduction System
The heart's rhythm is controlled by a conduction system composed of the SA node, AV node, bundle of His, and Purkinje fibers. The SA node is the pacemaker, generating electrical impulses. Remarkably, this system allows the heart to beat independently of the brain.
Coronary Arteries' Role
Coronary arteries supply oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. They are vital since the heart needs more oxygen than any other organ. Unexpectedly, these arteries can form natural bypasses, known as collateral circulation, during blockages to maintain blood supply.
Pericardium's Protective Function
The heart is encased in a double-walled sac called the pericardium, which reduces friction with surrounding structures. It contains a small amount of fluid. Surprisingly, this sac can expand to accommodate increased heart size during intense physical activity.Heartbeats After Death
A human heart can continue to beat for a few minutes outside the body due to its own electrical system, even after brain death.
Which chamber handles deoxygenated blood?
Left atrium and ventricle
Right atrium and ventricle
Left atrium only
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