Origins of Agriculture in the Americas

First Agricultural Revolution
First Agricultural Revolution
The First Agricultural Revolution began around 10,000 years ago. Native Americans started domesticating plants, leading to settled life and complex societies.
Mesoamerican Crop Cultivation
Mesoamerican Crop Cultivation
In Mesoamerica, crops like maize, beans, and squash were cultivated. The 'Three Sisters' farming technique demonstrated sophisticated plant symbiosis and sustainable land use.
Andean Agricultural Feats
Andean Agricultural Feats
The Inca developed terrace farming in the Andes. They created microclimates and a vast network of storage facilities to prevent famine.
Pre-Columbian Genetic Modification
Pre-Columbian Genetic Modification
Native Americans practiced early genetic modification, selectively breeding maize to improve yield and resilience, a process taking thousands of years.
Ancient Irrigation Systems
Ancient Irrigation Systems
Sophisticated irrigation systems were developed, such as the Hohokam's in the Sonoran Desert, supporting large populations through extensive canal networks.
Amazonian Dark Earths
Amazonian Dark Earths
Amazonian inhabitants created terra preta, or dark earths, a fertile and carbon-rich soil, signifying advanced understanding of soil management and ecology.
Collapse and Continuity
Collapse and Continuity
European contact led to the collapse of many indigenous societies, but many agricultural practices and crops continue to shape global agriculture today.
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What initiated the First Agricultural Revolution?
Domesticated plants by Native Americans
Introduction of metal tools
Global trade networks establishment