Tornadoes: Introduction
Tornadoes are violently rotating columns of air that extend from a thunderstorm to the ground. Known for their destructive power, they can appear with little warning and leave a path of devastation.
Formation Conditions
Tornadoes form when warm, moist air meets cold, dry air. The clash creates instability in the atmosphere. Necessary ingredients include strong wind shear and sufficient atmospheric lift to fuel the storm.
The Role of Supercells
Most intense tornadoes develop from supercells, a type of thunderstorm with a deep, persistent rotating updraft. Supercells contain mesocyclones, which may descend to form tornadoes.
From Funnel to Tornado
A visible funnel forms as water droplets from the storm's moist air condense and cloud debris gets swept in. When the funnel touches down, it becomes a tornado, capable of incredible destruction.
Tornado Alley Explained
Tornado Alley in the USA is a hotspot for tornadoes due to its flat land that does not disrupt the formation of severe storms and its frequent collisions of diverse air masses.
Fujita Scale Measurement
Tornadoes are rated using the Fujita Scale, from F0 for the weakest, to F5 for the most destructive with wind speeds exceeding 200 mph, capable of incredible damage.
Predicting Tornadoes
Despite advances in meteorology, tornado prediction remains challenging. Warning times average only 13 minutes, underscoring the importance of weather awareness and having a safety plan in place.
What meteorological event births tornadoes?
Warm front passage
Thunderstorm activity
High-pressure systems
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